34. HTML, XML

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World Wide Web (WWW, ) : URI (Universal Resource Identifier, , URL) Internet, HTTP

(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol, ), HTML

WWW.

HTML , . - (browser), . HTML - , , HTML, , .

HTML html htm. , HTML HTML. .

HTML (tag). , , , . , (A HREF="http://www. linux.org") A (anchor, ), HREF "http://www.linux.org".

, , (BR) (break), (start tag) (end tag) . , (slash). , A, /A. , . .

EM (emphasis, ), STRONG ( ), CITE ( ), CODE ( ), SAMP (sample, ), STRIKE ( ) , B (bold, ), I (italic, ), U (undelined, ), TT (typewriter, ), SUB (subscript, ), SUP (superscript, ) .

HTML. H1, H2, H3 . . H (header)

, . . H1 , H2 , H3 . . P (paragraph). PRE (preformatted) .

, (entity), & . , & &, ".

, HREF NAME . , ( A NAME="chapter3" )( /A) , chapter3, , , (A HREF="#chapter3") 3(/A).

IMG (image, ) , : SRC (source, ) URI ALT (alternative, ) , , , .

HTML . , FORM web- HTTP-. FORM , , , . HTML- , CGI- (common gate interface), .

(!-- --).

HTML . HTML , . . www-.

- SGML, , sgml. SGML 1970- IBM, 1986 (ISO 8879) . SGML . HTML SGML . WWW SGML , 1990- , SGML .

SGML :

1) HTML H1, P, A, IMG . .;

2) HTML &

3) HTML, . (!

). , &ref; "The Reference" (!ENTITY ref "The Reference"); 4) (? ) , , . HTML , , WWW .

SGML , , , , TEX Microsoft Word. SGML .

1996 XML SGML, Internet HTML. XML HTML SGML, , , HTML.

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HTML " 2", "2"?